趣味区隔还是成本差异——经典文学传播困境初探

Distinction of Taste or Difference of Cost: Dilemma on the Communication of Classics

文学经典在眼下所遭遇的传播形式与内容困境、接受困境、命名困境,不仅是趣味问题,也涉及到成本问题。个人的文学作品选择有感性的"趣味说"和理性的"成本说"两种依据,前者偏于群体化、肯定性,后者偏于个体化、否定性。趣味有历时性和共时性两个维度,前者涉及读者的文化传统,后者与读者时代文化氛围、生存境遇相呼应。文学消费是一个理性的成本计算过程。在精神产品极为丰裕的当代,人们的"利己"行为主要体现为成本优先,在于降低"选择"行为本身的成本,这是一种面向发展的成本。个人对文学消费成本投入的评估标准呈现出某种线性化的结构特征。读者的阅读成本、文学文本的交换价值、文学消费的成本差异应当引起重视。

The dilemmas of content, acceptance and nomination not only relate to the taste but also the cost. Individual choices have two bases, taste theory inclines to grouping and affirmativeness, and cost theory to individualization and negativity. Taste theory pays attention on readers＇ cultural tradition and Zeitgeist and circumstances. Consumption on literature is a rational cost - calculation process. Nowadays, the self - interest action embodies in priority on cost, including selecting behavior itself and its reduction, and we propose that this is a cost oriented to develop- ment. The evaluation standards of consumption of literature of individual have some portraits of linearization. The reading cost, the exchange value of text and the consumption of literature should be brought to the forefront.