离土不离乡农民工的基本状况研究——基于2010年全国人口普查数据的分析

An Analysis on Nonagricultural Workers Working Near Their Rural Homes based on 2010 Census

论文尝试从科学、合理、具有可操作性的角度对"离土不离乡农民工"的概念进行界定,并利用第六次全国人口普查1‰原始数据对离土不离乡农民工的基本状况进行了详细分析。研究结果显示:2010年中国有10539万离土不离乡农民工,占农民工总量的52.69%;平均年龄为38.01岁;男性多于女性,性别比为163;82.58%已婚;96.38%是汉族人口;人均受教育年限为8.96年;职业和行业分布极不均衡;每周平均工作48.05小时;在各省(区、市)的空间分布差异较大。

This paper redefines the concept ＂nonagricultural workers working near their rural homes＂ from a scientific, reasonable and operational perspective, and analyze the general status of this group based on the data of the 2010 national population census. The findings show that there are 10.539 million nonagricultural workers working near their rural homes in 2010, accounted for 52.69% of rural migrant workers. Their average age is 38.01, more males than females with a sex ration up to 163. 82.58% of them are mairied, 96.38% of them are Han nationality; their average educational years are about 8.96 years. The distribution of occupation is extremely uneven with average working hours of 48.05 per week. Their spatial distributions differ greatly in different areas, provinces.