基于“3S”技术的湖北石首麋鹿国家级自然保护区近25年土地利用动态变化分析

Land Use Dynamic Change Analysis Based on “3S” Technology in Shishou David’s Deer National Nature Reserve

利用1987年、2006年和2010年的Landsat 5 TM遥感影像及地形图,分析湖北石首麋鹿国家级自然保护区近25年来土地利用的动态变化。研究结果显示:1987～2006年间,林地和耕地面积分别增加287.84 hm2和227.92 hm2,水域、草地和沼泽有所减少,其中草地减少最为明显,减少了337.53 hm2。2006～2010年间,草地面积增加了273.64 hm2,耕地、林地和沼泽均有所减少,耕地面积减少最多,为171.86 hm2。围堤修建、意杨栽种和耕地开垦导致了湿地退化、土壤旱化,是引起保护区土地利用变化的主要原因。

Land use dynamic changes in Shishou David＇ s deer national nature reserve during 1987 - 2010 were identified by using the Landsat5 TM remote sensing image of the nature reserve in 1987, 2006 and 2010, along with digitized topographical maps of the research area. The results showed that during 1987 - 2006, woodland and arable land increased 287.84hm^2 and 227.92hm^2 respectively, while water area, grassplot and swamp have decreased, among which grassplot decreased obviously by 337.53hm^2. During 2006 - 2010, grassplot increased most greatly by 273.64hm^2, while arable land, woodland and swamp decreased, among which arable land decreased mostly by 171.86hm^2. It is concluded that soil aridity and wetland degradation caused by building causeway, and reclaiming arable were the key factors led to land use dynamic change.