基于Malmquist指数的农户肉牛养殖全要素生产率研究

Farmers' Beef Cattle Breeding Total Factor Productivity Study Based on Malmquist Index

运用DEA的Malmquist指数方法,实证分析我国农户肉牛养殖生产率(TFP)增长状况,并将其分解为技术进步效率和技术效率,进而可分解为技术进步效率、纯技术效率和规模效率。结果显示,1998年以来,农户肉牛养殖的TFP及其增长率总体均呈波动下降趋势,农户肉牛养殖TFP增长率为负值的年份,主要受技术进步效率和技术效率均减缓的影响,其中技术进步减缓是主要原因。5省区中,农户肉牛养殖TFP排序依次为新疆、河南、陕西、黑龙江、宁夏,除宁夏外,其他4省区TFP均高于总体平均水平,5省区均存在技术进步延缓。建议加大农户肉牛养殖科技投入,推进科技创新,发挥各级技术研究机构以及国家肉牛产业技术体系及其综合试验站的作用,完善技术服务体系,全方位提升肉牛养殖生产技术水平。

This paper based on malmquist index method of DEA, analyzed farmers＇ beef cattle breeding productivity （TFP） growth, then decomposed TFP into technical progress efficiency and technical efficiency, further decomposed into technical progress efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. The results showed that since 1998, farmers＇ beef cattle breeding TFP and its growth rate showed a down- ward trend in volatility. In the negative year of farmers＇ beef cattle breeding TFP growth, mainly due to the technological progress efficiency and technical efficiency are slowing, especially technological progress is slowing. The farmers＇ beef cattle breeding TFP is in the order of Xinjiang, Henan, Shaanxi, Heilongjiang, Ningxia from high to low. In addition to Ningxia, the other four provinces＇ TFP are higher than the overall average, five provinces are present technological progress slow. Then put forward the following recommendations, it should increase investment in science and technology, promote scientific and technological innovation, play all levels of technical research institutions and national beef cattle industry technology system role, improve the technical service system, comprehensive approach to improve beef cattle breeding production technology.