金安桥水电站弃渣场边坡不同部位土壤物理性质特征分析

Soil Physical Properties Characteristics Analysis on Different Parts ofthe Sideslopes of Dumping Sites of Jin'anqiao Hydropower Station

【目的】研究弃渣场不同地形部位条件下土壤物理性质的差异,以期为类似地区水电站项目弃渣场土地复垦和生态重建提供理论依据。【方法】以金安桥水电站2#弃渣场为研究对象,以原生植被区为参照,采用单因素方差分析的方法研究了2#弃渣场不同坡位、平台以及原生植被区的土壤物理性质差异特征。【结果】①土壤水分含量以原生植被区最高,不同坡位的土壤水分含量大小表现为平台>中坡>上坡>下坡,且表现出下层土壤含水量高于表层土壤含水量;2#弃渣场各样地土壤含水量之间以及同一样地不同土层深度之间均存在显著性差异;②在粒径组成方面,渣场不同坡位的>4mm粒径的颗粒组成百分比以上坡最高,其余依次为平台>中坡>下坡,2#弃渣场的表层渣体粒径都较粗,下层渣体粒径略小于表层土壤;③土壤容重和土壤孔隙度表现出显著的相关性,各坡位的土壤容重在1.62～1.92g/cm3之间,上坡的土壤容重最小,土壤孔隙度最大;在垂直分布上,随土层深度的增加土壤容重呈下降的趋势;2#弃渣场各样地土壤容重之间以及同一样地不同土层的深度之间均存在显著差异。【结论】2#渣场各部位的土壤物理性质均比对应的原生植被区的物理性质差,不利于植被的自然恢复。

[Objective] The objective of this study was to study on different parts of the terrain under different soil physical properties of spoil fidle, then to provide a theoretical basis to spoil site hydropower projects in similar areas of land reclamation and ecological reconstruction. [Method] 2 # sideslops of excavation waste dump in Jin＇anqiao Hydropower Station were selected as object to observe different slope positions, platforms, as well as native vegetation zone of soil physical properties. [Results] The results showed that： （1） Soil moisture content is highest in native vegetation areas. Different slope positions of the size of the soil moisture content expressed as platform 〉 middle slope 〉 upper slope 〉 lower slope, and exhibited lower soil moisture content is higher than the surface soil moisture; （2） In the partieal size composition, size of the particles （〉 4 mm） in terms of particle size composition in the upper slope is the highest, followed by platform middle slope 〉 lower slope, 2 # residue field surface residue is coarse, and the lower slag particle size is smaller than surface soil; （3） Soil bulk density and soil porosity showed a significant correlation, slope position soil bulk density of 1.62-1.92 g/cm^3 , upper slope＇s soil bulk density and soil porosity is the lowest and largest. [Conclusion] The various parts of the 2 ; sideslops of excavation waste dump of soil physical properties is bader than the corresponding native vegetation areas, is not conducive to the natural recovery of vegetation.