J亚型禽白血病病毒对鸡产蛋性能的影响

The Effects of Avian Leucosis Virus Subtype Jon Chicken Laying Performance

【目的】对四川省某鸡场鸡群进行J亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J)感染筛查,并进行ALV-J病毒感染与蛋鸡产蛋性能的相关性研究。【方法】随机抽检1 016只鸡的血样,提取总DNA,利用PCR扩增目的基因ALV-J,PCR产物用1%的琼脂糖电泳检测。【结果】该鸡群的感染率为10.33%;同时,ALV-J阳性个体在大部分产蛋性能方面显著低于ALV-J阴性个体:ALV-J感染组鸡的开产日龄极显著推迟5.68d(P<0.01),开产体重显著降低103.17g(P<0.05),300日龄产蛋量极显著减低14.59%(P<0.01)。同时,ALV-J阳性个体较阴性个体各时期累计产蛋量均有显著或极显著下降(P<0.01或P<0.05);且ALV-J感染鸡群产蛋高峰持续时间短,后期产蛋率快速下降。【结论】J亚群禽白血病毒ALV-J对鸡的产蛋性能造成了严重的负面影响,感染鸡只的产蛋性能显著降低,ALV-J严重制约了禽业的快速发展。

[Objective] The objective of this study was to screen ALV-J from a chicken farm in Sichuan province, and to investigate the relationship of the infection of avian leucosis virus subtype J and chicken laying performance. [Method] Total DNA was isolated from the blood of 1 016 chicken, which were randomly chosen from the farm. Polymerase chain reaction （PCR） technique was used to amplification the target gene of ALV-J, and PCR products were confirmed by 1. 0% agarose gel electrophoresis. [Results] The results showed that the ALV-J positive rate was 10. 33%. Furthermore, ALV-J could reduce more laying performance of chicken. ALV-J infections significantly delayed the age of first egg for 5.68 d （P〈0.01） and reduced the body weight at the age of first egg for 103.17 g （P〈（0.05）. In addition, ALV-J infections significantly decreased the egg number during 300 days for 14.59% （P〈0.01）. Meanwhile, ALV-J had significant or extremely significant effect on the egg number of every period during 300 days （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05） and ALV-J could shorten the laying peak period, and induced the rapid descending of the later laying rate. [Conclusion] ALV-J had a negative influence on the chicken laying performance, and seriously restricted the development of poultry breeding industry.