清热药的特点及现代研究

Modern Research and Relationship of Heat-clearing Traditional Chinese Medicine

目的:探讨清热药与药理作用、中医主治、现代医学主治、药性、药味、归经、化学成分之间的关系。方法:应用"中药性味现代数据库系统",查询"清热"与药理作用、中医主治、现代医学主治、药性、药味、归经、化学成分之间的关联频次,依据频次的多少,取涵盖最高频次2/3的定为基本范畴,涵盖余下最高频次2/3的定为联合范畴,剩余的定为扩展范畴。结果:清热药的基本药理作用为抗菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤、解热、镇静、影响心血管系统、利尿;清热药的中医基本主治为痈肿、黄疸、咽喉肿痛、疔疮、吐血、目赤肿痛、热淋涩痛、衄血、水肿、喉痹、丹毒、头痛、风热感冒;清热药的现代医学基本主治为湿疹、细菌性痢疾、高血压、慢性气管炎、感冒、烧伤、百日咳、胃溃疡、肝炎、流行性腮腺炎、肺炎、带状疱疹、水肿、咽喉肿痛、十二指肠溃疡、化脓性中耳炎、皮炎、头痛、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、支气管炎、扁平疣、急性扁桃体炎、腹泻、高脂血症、咳嗽、黄疸;清热药的基本药性为寒、微寒;与清热药常联合的基本药味为苦、甘;清热药的基本归经为肝、肺、胃、大肠、心;清热药所含的基本化学成分为有机酸、黄酮类、苷类、生物碱、糖类、鞣质、氨基酸、酯类、挥发油、无机物、萜类。结论:确定清热药与药理作用、中医主治、现代医学主治、药性、药味、归经、化学成分之间的关系,并依据频次将清热药分为基本、联合、扩展范畴,为清热药的现代研究提供了新思路。

Objective：To explore relationship between heat-clearing traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacological action,traditional Chinese medical indications,modern medical indications,medicine properties,flavour of a medicine,channel tropism,chemical composition.Methods：Use the ＂properties and flavour of traditional Chinese medicine database systems＂,inquiry associated frequency between function ＂Heat-clearing＂ and pharmacological action,traditional Chinese medical indications,modern medical indications,medicine properties,flavour of a medicine,channel tropism,chemical composition,according to the frequency,take cover 2/3 of most high frequency for basic area,take cover 2/3 of remaining most high frequency for joint area,remaining for extended area.Results：Basic pharmacological action of heat-clearing traditional Chinese medicine are antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,antitumor,antipyretic,calm,affecting the cardiovascular system,diuresis;TCM basic indications are carbuncle swollen,jaundice,sore throat pain and swelling,boils,vomiting blood,eyes red swelling and pain,heat astringent pain,nose bleeding,edema,inflammation of the throat,erysipelas,headache,snake bite,wind heat cold;modern medicine basic indications are eczema,bacillary dysentery,hypertension,chronic bronchitis,colds,burns,whooping cough,stomach ulcers,hepatitis,mumps,pneumonia,herpes zoster,edema,pain and swelling of the throat,duodenal ulcer,suppurative otitis media,dermatitis,headache,coronary heart disease,bronchitis,verruca,acute tonsillitis,diarrhea,hyperlipidemia,cough,jaundice;basic medicine properties of heat-clearing TCM are cold,micro-cold;basic flavour of a medicine combined with heat-clearing traditional Chinese medicine are bitter,sweet;basic channel tropisms are liver,lung,stomach,large intestine,heart;the basic chemical compositions of heat-clearing traditional Chinese medicine are organic acid,flavonoids,glycosides,alkaloids,sugars,tannins,amino acids,esters,volatile oil,mineral,terpenoids.Conclusion：Define relationship between heat-clearing traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacological action,traditional Chinese medical indications,modern medical indications,medicine properties,flavour of a medicine,channel tropism,chemical composition,device heat-clearing traditional Chinese medicine into basic area,joint area,extended area,which offers new ideas for modern studying of heat-clearing traditional Chinese medicine.