2006—2011年十堰市无偿献血者血型初筛错误分析

Blood group screening errors in voluntary blood donors in Shiyan City

目的分析十堰市无偿献血者血型初筛错误原因,提出预防措施。方法对十堰市6年间(2006年1月1日—2011年12月31日)血型初筛错误例数及相关原因进行统计分析。结果在178 044例无偿献血标本中,初筛血型错误者167例,总误定率0.09%。167例血型误定为A、B、O,AB型血所占比例依次为38.92%、23.35%、25.75%、11.98%。误定原因有亚型(14.37%)、档案错误(8.38%)、冒名顶替(3.59%)、试管画错(8.38%)及不明原因(65.27%);站内采血判定血型差错率明显低于站外采血(P<0.05),首次献血血型判定错误率高于非首次献血判断错误率(P<0.05)。结论血型初筛判定错误以人为因素居多,加强责任心、严格操作规程、改善采血环境及不断总结经验有助于减少血型初筛错误率。

[ Objective ] To analyze the reasons for blood group screening errors in voluntary blood donors from Shiyan City, and pro- pose prevention measures. [ Methods ] The data obtained from January 1,2006-December 31,2011 about the blood group screening error were statistically analyzed, as well as related reasons. [ Results] A total of 178 044 samples were determined the blood group, t67 samples were determined the wrong blood group and the total rate was 0. 09% in which the proportions of A, B, O and AB blood group were 38. 92%, 23.35%, 25.75% and 11.98% respectively. The factors of error occurrence included subgroup （ 14. 37% ） , files error （ 8. 38% ） , impostor （ 3.59% ） , the wrong test tube marking （ 8.38% ） and other unknown factors （65.27% ）. The blood collection location（environment） affected the blood group determining significantly The error rate in blood center was significantly lower than out of center （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . The error rate of blood group determining in first time blood donors was higher than non-first time blood donors（P 〈 0. 05 ）. [ Conclusion] The human factor is the most important reason. Enhancing the sense of responsibility, implementing strict operating rules, improving the blood environment and summing up experience helps to reduce blood group prescreening error rate.