中山市粮食及蔬果类食品营养成分分析

Nutritional component of grain,vegetables and fruit in Zhongshan City

目的分析中山市内种植及销售的各种干豆类、薯类、谷物、蔬菜及水果样品的营养成分,为中国食物成分表的修订提供参考及基础数据。方法通过整群随机抽样法,对中山市内种植及销售的各种干豆类、薯类、谷物、蔬菜及水果约240份样品进行营养成分分析。分析指标包括矿物质(钾、钠、钙、铁、锌、磷)、蛋白质、脂肪、水分、灰分、脂肪酸、膳食纤维、碳水化合物等。结果该研究涉及的5大类别农产品可食部分的营养价值与《中国食物成分表》相比大部分检测数据范围一致,但矿物质元素含量差异较大,薯类中的番薯,叶菜类中芥菜、菜心、通菜钾含量略高于食物成分表上的数据。其中芥菜、通菜钾含量分别达到313、284 mg/100 g。结论分析不同地区的食物成分有利于补充和完善现行的食物成分表,更好地为有关营养政策的制定与实施提供依据,为各项食品贸易的开展提供准确的数据。

[ Objective] To study nutritional component of beans, yams, grain, vegetables and fruit which are growing or selling in Zhongshan City, and provide reference and basic data for revision of Chinese Food Composition Table. [ Methods ] Through cluster random sampling, a total of 240 samples of beans, yams, grain, vegetables grew or sold in Zhongshan Cit were collected for nutritional component analysis. The analysis included mineral substance （ K, Na, Ca, Fe, Zn ） , protein, fat, water, ash, fatty acid, dietary fiber and CHO etc. [ Results] The study involved 5 major categories of agricultural products＇ nutritional values of edible parts were similar with values of Chinese？ Food？ Composition？ Table, but the difference of mineral elements was significant, and the K contents of yams, mustard greens, cabbage , ipomoea aquatica in collected products were a litter higher than that in table. The K contents of mustard greens and ipomoea aquatica were up to 313 mg/100 g and 284 mg/100 g. [ Conclusion] The analysis of food composition helps to supplement and improve existing food composition table, and provide evidence for developing better nutrition policy and data for carrying out the food trade.