呼吸道金黄色葡萄球菌分布及药物敏感性变迁

Changing trends of staphylococcus aureus in respiratory tract： epidemiology and drug sensitivity

目的了解我院近5年呼吸道金黄色葡萄球菌（金葡菌）感染的分布及药物敏感性的变化。方法收集我院2008至2012年住院患者痰液样本，按照CLSI标准培养及药敏试验鉴定金葡菌846株，分析金葡菌分布及药物敏感性。结果呼吸道金葡菌的分离率随年龄增长而增加，65岁以上是易感人群。5年金葡菌的药物敏感性无明显下降趋势，耐甲氧西林金葡菌（MRSA）比例虽略有下降，仍达80％以上，主要集中分布于ICU和神经内外科。万古霉素对金葡菌保持很高的药物敏感性，但需警惕耐万古霉素菌株。结论中老年患者易患呼吸道金葡菌感染，MRSA比例仍然居高不下，要加强对重点科室呼吸道金葡菌感染及传播的监测和防控。

Objective To determine the epidemiology and susceptibility rates of staphylococcus aureus isolated from respirotary tract. Methods A total of 846 staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from sputum were consecutively collected between 2008 and 2012 from hospitalized patients. Bacterial soususceptibility testing results were analyzed according to CLSI. Results The frequency of,staphylococcus aureus isolated from respirotary tract increased with age. More than 65 years of age are susceptible population. Drug sensitivity of staphylococcus aureus was no significant downward trend for 5 years. Although decreased slightly, staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） still amounted to more than 80% ,and mainly distrib- uted in ICU and neurology. Vancomycin keep the drug sensitivity of very high to staphylococcus aureus. The emergence of vancomycin- resistant strains should be concerned. Conclusion Elderly patients prone to suffering from respiratory staphylococcus aureus infection. MRSA rates are still high. It is necessary to strengthen monitoring and control of staphylococcus aureus respiratory infection and transmission in key departments.