辽西半干旱区农田水肥耦合作用对春小麦产量的影响

Coupling effect of water and fertilizers on spring wheat yield in semi-arid area of western Liaoning Province.

最优饱和设计试验建立的春小麦产量回归数学模型表明 ,水分是影响辽西半干旱区春小麦产量最为重要的因子 ,但在自然降水条件下 ,灌水量上、下限分别为 45mm和 3 60mm时 ,N对春小麦产量影响更为敏感 ,其次为水与P因子 ,三因子对小麦产量影响统计分析达显著水平 ,并且其对小麦产量的影响符合报酬递减率 .获得最大利润时N、P和水三因素最佳经济配比模式为施N量 186kg·hm-2 ,施P量 63kg·hm-2 ,灌水量3 0 0mm 。

With optimum saturation design,a field experiment was conducted to study the coupling effect of water and fertilizers on spring wheat yield in semiarid area of western Liaoning Province.Regression model shows that water was the most important factor affecting spring wheat yield.Under natural raining and when the upper and the lower limit of irrigation was 360 mm and 45mm,respectively,N was the most sensitive factor,water was the second, and P was the third. The effects of N,P and water on yield were statistically significant,and met the law of diminishing return.The most economic matching pattern of N,P and water was N 186kg·hm -2 ,P 63kg·hm -2 ,and water 300mm.Properly increasing phosphorus fertilizer at the lack of water could strengthen the drought resistance of spring wheat.