区域经济环境对工资性别差异的影响——基于多层模型的分析途径

The impact of regional economic environment on gender wage differential:An Application of Multilevel Model

本文建立了中国城镇居民工资方程的多层模型,并提出了相应的工资差异分解方法,用于分析区域经济环境对工资性别差异的影响。结果表明,在所有地区劳动力市场中,均存在明显的工资性别差异。虽然地区市场化水平的提高有助于个体工资水平的提升,但却导致工资性别差异的扩大;尽管地区失业率的上升将对个体工资获得产生不利影响,但却导致工资性别差异的缩小。市场化程度越高的地区,工资性别歧视越严重。因此,在市场化进程中,政府在努力发展教育和扩大就业的同时,应致力于实施公平的工资分配制度,将有助于缓解针对女性的工资歧视,进而有助于工资性别差异的缩小。

In this paper,we build a multilevel wage equation model for China＇s urban residents,and propose a wage differentials decomposition method,which is used to analyze the impact of regional economic environment on gender wage differential. The results show there is significant gender wage gap in all local labor market; raising the level of regional marketization will increase wages,while it also enlarges gender wage discrimination; although the increase of unemployment rate has adverse effect on individual wage attainment,it can help to narrow gender wage differential. Regions with higher marketization level also have more serious gender discrimination. Therefore,in the process of marketization, while developing education and expanding employment,government should also focus on the implementation of fair wage distribution system. These measures will reduce wage discrimination against female, and thus contribute to reduce gender wage differential.