唐山市大气颗粒物OC/EC浓度谱分布观测研究

Observation of Size Distribution of Atmospheric OC/EC in Tangshan,China

华北重工业城市唐山大气颗粒物污染严重,2009～2011年PM1.1、PM2.1、PM9.0及TSP年均值分别为(75±43)、(106±63)、(221±100)和(272±113)μg.m-3;碳质气溶胶在各粒径段均占较大比重,其中,元素碳(EC)在PM1.1、PM2.1、PM9.0及TSP各粒径段的年均比重分别约为9%、9%、6%和4%,有机碳(OC)年均比重分别为25%、24%、16%和14%.颗粒物浓度谱分布及碳质气溶胶富集量呈显著季节变化,秋冬季节细颗粒物中EC和OC浓度可高达(9±4)、(11±5)和(19±7)、(28±10)μg.m-3,分别占PM2.1的11%、10%和26%、25%;春夏季节EC和OC在粗细粒子中的富集量基本相当,分别为(5±2)、(5±1)和(15±3)、(15±1)μg.m-3,分别约占颗粒物总量的7%、6%和26%、18%.

Atmospheric particulate matter pollution is serious in Tangshan, a heavy industrial city of North China. The annual average concentrations of PM1.1, PM2.1, PM9.0 and TSP were （75±43）, （106±63）, （221±100） and （272±113） μg·m-3, respectively, from 2009 to 2011.Carbonaceous aerosols were the key components in various size particles. Elemental carbon （EC） accounted for 9%,9%,6% and 4% of PM1.1, PM2.1, PM9.0 and TSP, respectively, meanwhile, organic carbon （OC） accounted for 25%, 24%, 16%and 14% of PM1.1, PM2.1, PM9.0 and TSP, respectively. The concentration spectrum distribution of particulate matter and the enrichment amount of the carbonaceous aerosols showed seasonal variations. In autumn and winter, the EC and OC concentration in the fine particulate matter reached up to （9±4）, （11±5） and （19±7）, （28±10） μg·m-3, respectively, accounting for 11%, 10% and 26%, 25% of fine particles; EC and OC in spring and summer were （5±2）, （5±1） and （15±3）, （15±1） μg·m-3, respectively, accounting for about 7%, 6% and 26%, 18% of TSP, respectively.