石脑油催化裂解反应特性及影响因素分析

STUDY ON REACTION CHARACTERISTICS AND INFLUENCE FACTORS OF NAPHTHA CATALYTIC CRACKING

在分析典型直馏石脑油的烃类组成特点以及烃类在分子筛催化剂上的扩散和吸附特性的基础上,采用小型固定流化床(ACE)装置考察反应温度、油剂接触时间和催化剂活性对直馏石脑油催化裂解反应规律的影响。结果表明,直馏石脑油馏分富含的小分子饱和烃在常规分子筛催化剂的孔道中扩散阻力小,具有较弱的吸附性能,同时催化裂解反应活化能较高。对此提出需开发多级孔沸石材料、改善小分子饱和烃吸附性能以及实现高苛刻度反应环境的技术构思,以推进石脑油催化裂解技术的开发。

Based on the analysis on composition characteristics,diffusion and adsorption performance of naphtha over zeolite catalysts,the experiments of naphtha cracking over zeolite catalysts were conducted in a laboratory fixed fluidized bed reactor.The influence of reaction temperature,residence time and microactivity of catalysts on product slate was explored.The results indicate that naphtha,which is rich in small saturated hydrocarbons,shows less pore diffusion limitation,weak adsorption ability in the typical zeolite catalysts,and high reaction activation energy in catalytic cracking.Thus,several conceptions that naphtha catalytic cracking reaction could be promoted effectively by developing hierarchical porous structure zeolites,improving adsorption performance of small saturated hydrocarbons and adopting high severity reaction conditions are proposed.