繁殖期高原鼠兔的攻击行为

AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR OF PLATEAU PIKA IN REPRODUCTIVE PERIOD

通过室内配对实验对高原鼠兔 (Ochotonacurzoniae)繁殖期的攻击行为进行了研究。结果表明 ,雌雄动物的攻击水平基本相同 ,同性个体间的攻击性明显高于异性个体间。雌雄动物具有不同的攻击模式 ,雌性个体遇到陌生个体首先以攻击中的进攻和追逐为主 ,然后通过相互接触确定个体的性别 ,若为同性个体 ,以防御为主 ,若为异性个体 ,则有防御和亲昵两种选择 ;雄性动物遇到陌生个体同样首先以攻击为主 ,相互接触后 ,若为异性个体 ,表现出高的亲昵行为 ,若为同性个体 ,仍然以攻击为主 ,其攻击行为方式中的进攻、追逐和进攻姿态一直维持在高的水平。这表明高原鼠兔在配偶选择中雌雄个体均具有主动性 ,攻击行为是自然种群内存在多种婚配制度的主要原因之一。雌雄攻击模式的不同使种群内一夫多妻制占有较多的比例 ,而一妻多夫制所占比例相对较低。

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.39570484)This paper mainly deals with the aggressive behaviour of Plateau pika ( Ochotona curzoniae ) in reproductive period through female female, female male and male male comparison. The result shows that both female and male had same aggressive patterns, intersex aggression was higher than that of intrasex. When met with unfamiliar individual,female firstly displayed attacking and chasing aggressive behaviour, then changed defensive and amicable behaviour or to use defensive behaviour if it met with intrasex individual; but for male,it firstly displayed attacking, chasing and offensive posture of aggressive behaviour when it met with unfamiliar individual, then changed to use amicable behaviour if it met with intrasex or to display high attack, chase and offensive posture of aggressive behavior. This indicated that the pika actively chose its mates, its mating system is able to exist monogamy, polygamy and polyandry together in natural population because of aggressive behaviour and percentage of polygamy is higher than other owing to male high aggression.