喜剧小品的会话结构分析

An Analysis of the Conversational Structure of Comedies and Sketches

喜剧小品的话语具有一些独特的会话结构,为了制造包袱,营造喜剧效果,它往往违反常规的典型会话格式,在其中添加各种插入语列或后续语列,违反合作原则或礼貌原则,以实现其幽默的语用功能。以问答式相邻对会话结构为例,按应答方式的不同,可分为:顺竿爬式、逆向式、生发式、错答式等几种主要类型。通过对小品中会话结构的语用分析,我们认识到会话结构是构造喜剧小品语言幽默的一种重要的语篇手段。

The remark of comedies and sketches contain some unique conversational structures. To reveal the joke and to create the comic effect, that remark often overlooks regular typical conversational patterns, and instead, it adds in itself various parenthetical language sequences or postponed language sequences, so as to, while going against cooperation rule or politeness role, achieve its humorous pragmatic function. Taking the conversational structure of question- answering adjacency pair for instance, according to different answering patterns, such remark can be divided into： catering patten; reversing pattem; imagining pattern; wrongly an- swering pattern. Through the pragmatic analysis of sketches＇ conversational structure, people can know that convemational structure is an important discourse means to achieve a humorous effect of comedies and sketches＇ language.