《现代汉语通用字表》“田”部字构形笔意及义类分析

A Morphemic logical Approach to Characters with Radical “田”in the List of Commonly Used Characters in Modern Chinese

汉字"以形示义"的功能和汉民族"据形识义"的文化心理,使得人们总是试图对发展后的字形和字义做出新的诠释,以其使新的形义关系得到统一。《现代汉语通用字表》中的"田"部字的大部分形体与初始构形基本吻合,其构形笔意义及类大致有两大类七个小类。考察分析"田"部字的笔意及义类相关的字族,进而探求其义类的成因,得出隶变、讹变和简化过程是造成"田"部义类分化的根本原因。

Being aware of Chinese characters＇function of displaying meaning with the shape and influenced by the cultural tendency of basing meaning on the shape, one is inclined to reinterpret the relationship between the form and the meaning of an evolved character, hoping to identify the form with the meaning. In the List of Common- ly Used Characters in Modern Chinese, most characters with Radical ＂田＂ are identical in shape to their original forms, and in terms of stroke meaning those characters fall into two groups and seven secondary categories. This ar- ticle first examines the stoke meanings of characters with Radical ＂ 田＂ and the family of semantically related char- acters, and then probes into the causes of the semantic class. Finally, it concludes that the fundamental changes leading to the semantic diversification of characters with Radical ＂ 田＂ are due to the evolution into the li （隶） style, erroneous transformation and simplification.