清代来华传教士马若瑟对文言虚词“而”的研究

On Joseph de Premare's Study of “er”(而) in the Qing Dynasty

清代来华传教士马若瑟于1728年所著《汉语札记》是目前已知最早对汉语文言虚词"而"进行语法描写的著作。该书比较全面地对"而"的词性、语法意义、两端意义关系以及常用组合进行了描写。研究表明,《札记》很有可能参考过元代卢以纬《语助》和清代袁仁林《虚字说》,是西方语言学素养与汉语实际相结合的成功范例。

Notitia Lingae Sinicae（ 《汉语札记》） to China as a missionary in the Qing Dynasty. It is the ） was wrote in 1728 by Joseph first book which described the Maria de Premare who came ancient Chinese ＂er＂ （而）. It comprehensively describes the part of speech, grammatical meanings, the relationship of both ends and frequently -used combinations of ＂er＂（而）. The research finds that Premare are very likely to have consulted Yu Zhu by LuYiwei in the Yuan dynasty and Xu Zi Shuo by Yuan Renlin in the Qing dynasty. Notitia Lingae Sinicae is a suc- cessful example of combining western linguistics accomplishment and realities of Chinese language.