中国五味子属植物叶表皮研究

Study on the Leaf Epidermis of the Genus Schisandra in China

用浓硫酸 -铬酸离析法 ,在光学显微镜下观察了中国五味子属植物 1 4种 ,1亚种 ,2变种 ,共 2 4个样品成熟叶的叶表皮细胞及气孔器特征 .结果表明 :五味子属植物叶片的上、下表皮细胞呈多边形或不规则形 ,垂周壁式样为平直 ,弓形或浅波浪 ;少数种类上表皮有气孔器或分泌细胞 ,所有的种类下表皮具气孔器和分泌细胞 ;气孔器类型以平列型为主 ,并伴有侧列型 ,极少数出现不规则型 ;气孔极区呈稍角质加厚或棒形角质加厚 ,稀 T形角质加厚 .叶表皮特征能较好地解决分种问题 ,并为确定本属中各分类单位之间的演化趋势 ,亲缘关系等提供有参考价值的依据 .

The characters of leaf epidermis cells and stomatal apparatus of1 4species, subspecies and 2 varieties (2 4 samples) in the genus Schisandra under the light micro- scope are observed using the method of H2 SO4-H3Cr3O6.Both upper and lower epidermis cells are polygonal or irregular in shape in all species studied.The patterns of anticlinal walls are straight,arched or sinuolate.Stomatal apparatus and secretory cells are found on the upperepidermis of several species,and on the lowerepidermis of all species.The stomatal apparatus are mainly found paracytic and laterocytic,and anomocytic in a few cases.Laterocytic and anomocytic stomatal apparatus usually occur along with the para- cytic ones.Three types of cuticular thickening at the polar region of the guard cells are observed:slight cuticular thickening;rod-shaped cuticular thickening,and rarely T-shaped cuticular thickening.The characters of leaf epidermis can be used in diagnosing species and elucidating the evolutionary trend and relationship among the species in the genus.