三亚海棠湾海域水质分析及评价

Analysis and Assessment of Water Quality in the Haitang Bay,Sanya

根据2007—2009年4月和9月7个站位各项生态因子的调查数据,分析了海棠湾的时空状况,测定的因子包括pH、盐度、无机氮、活性磷酸盐、化学耗氧量(COD)和叶绿素a.海棠湾各站位无机氮的质量浓度范围为0.014～0.847 mg.L-1,活性磷酸盐的质量浓度范围为0.000 3～0.069 mg.L-1.铁炉港和藤桥河口附近海域水体的无机氮、COD和叶绿素a的质量浓度高于中部海域,活性磷酸盐的质量浓度则表现为铁炉港高于其他海域.无机氮和活性磷酸盐丰水期的质量浓度均高于当年枯水期的质量浓度.富营养化指数计算结果表明,丰水期大部分站位呈现富营养化水平,人类活动已经导致大量的营养物质进入海棠湾海域,其主要途径为养殖废水的排放和市政排污.

Based on the survey data of ecological factors on April and September from 2007 to 2009, seasonal and spatial situations were investigated at 7 stations in the Haitang Bay. pH, salinity, nitrated, phosphate, chemical oxygen demand （COD） and chl-a were measured. The results showed the concentrations ranges of dissolved inorganic nitrogen （DIN） were 0. 014--0. 847 mg·L^-1, that of phosphate （DIP）. Nitrate were 0.000 3-- 0.069 mg·L^-1, that of COD and chl-a values near the Tielu Harbor and Tengqiao River estuary were higher than that in the middle zones. The concentrations of phosphate near the Tielu Harbor were much higher than that in other coastal waters; the concentrations of DIN and DIP in raining seasons were higher than that in dry sea- sons. The data of eutrophication index （El） calculation indicated that the zones near the Tielu harbor and Tengqiao River estuary were eutrophicated in the raining seasons, which suggested human activities have resulted in enormous nutrients entering the coastal waters in the Haitang Bay through the discharge of wastewater in industrial aquaculture and municipal sewage.