我国成为世界工厂的推动因素与复合型路径选择

Study on Driving Factors and Complex Path Selection for China to Grow into A World Factory

"十二五"时期是我国提升国际分工地位与角色定位的重要阶段。在全球贸易与投资一体化背景下,依据我国加工贸易在全球国际分工中地位,从三个层次界定了世界工厂的内涵。基于跨国公司确立的全球化战略、国际分工体系与我国比较优势三个维度探讨我国成为世界工厂的推动因素。世界工厂具有层次性和动态性,迈向更高层次的世界工厂的路径是复合型和递进型的:一是参与国际分工、充分融入世界经济的同时提高自主创新能力的路径;二是保持劳动密集型产业优势地位的同时升级产业结构路径;三是国内市场建设的同时实现国有企业"走出去"提高企业竞争优势路径。建议:继续承担世界制造品的制造地和输出地;大力发展高等职业教育;提升自主创新和产业结构水平;加工贸易转型升级战略与"走出去"战略相结合;破除地区条块分割,构建国内统一的大市场。

The period of Twelfth Five-Year Plan is an important stage of enhancing the international division of labor for China. On the background of the integration of global trade and investment, the concept of world factory is defined from three levels according to the status of China% processing trade in the international division of labor. The motivating factors of reaching the world factory are explored based on globalization strategy of multinational companies, international division of labor and China~ s comparative advantages. Meanwhile, due to different level and dynamic features of the world＇s factory,the path towards a higher level of factory will be complex and progressive. First,The path of participating in the international division of labor while improving the capability of independent innovation; second, the path of maintaining the dominant position of the labor-intensive industries while upgrading industrial strueture~ third, the path of constructing the domestic market while making state-owned enterprises ＂go out＂to enhance their competitive advantages. Following recommendations are proposed： to continue to be the man- ufacturer and exporter of world manufactured goods;to develop higher vocational education vigorously ~ to enhance the level of independent innovation and industrial structure ~ to combine the upgrading of processing trade strategy and ＂going out＂strategy^and to remove regional fragmentation and thus to build unified domestic market.