大豆“短青春期”品种的光(温)反应研究Ⅰ.播季反应

Response of short juvenility varieties to photoperiods Ⅰ. Response to sowing dates

利用包括“短青春期”在内的 8个大豆品种类型 ,通过分期播种观察大豆出苗至开花天数与开花至成熟天数对不同光 (温 )条件的反应 ,以进一步明确大豆“短青春期”品种生育期性状的光 (温 )敏感性特征。结果表明 :“短青春期”品种中豆 2 4和巨丰出苗至开花天数播季敏感性与春大豆泰兴黑豆和矮脚早相似 ,出苗至开花天数短 ,对播季不敏感 ;但开花至成熟天数长 ,对播季敏感 ,与春大豆品种明显不同。秋大豆丽秋 2号出苗至开花天数很长 ,对播季非常敏感 ,开花至成熟天数较短 ,播季敏感性仅较春大豆泰兴黑豆和矮脚早略高。“长青春期”类型 F90 -7354出苗至开花天数和开花至成熟天数比夏大豆晚熟类型略短 ,敏感性略弱。中豆 2 4和巨丰生殖生长期播期敏感性明显大于营养生长期播期敏感性 ,其比值分别为 5.79和 5.1 8。

Including two short juvenility varieties, eight soybean varieties were used to observe the response of days from emergence to flowering and days from flowering to maturity, under different sowing dates and artificial photoperiod treatment. The objects were to identify the characteristic of response of short juvenility varieties to photoperiods. The results under different sowing dates showed that sensitivity to sowing dates of short juvenility varieties, Zhongdou No.24 and Jufeng, was similar to spring soybean cultivars, Aijiuzao and Taixingheidou, the days from emergence to flowering (Ve～R 1) was short and insensitivity. But their longer and sowing date sensitive of days from flowering to maturity (R 1～R 8) was contrary to that of two spring soybean cultivars. The longer and sensitivity of Ve～R 1 and R 1～R 8 of short juvenility varieties were differ from that of summer soybean, autumn soybean and long juvenility varieties. The sensitivity of R 1～R 8 of Zhongdou No.24 and Jufeng, was significantly larger than that of Ve～R 1, the ratio of sensitivity of R 1～R 8 and sensitivity of Ve～R 1 was 5.79 and 5.18, respectively, which was higher than other types.