可再生能源在油田地面工程中的应用

Application of renewable energy in surface engineering of oilfield

我国目前开采的原油多属于"三高"原油,在油田地面集输过程中需消耗大量热量用于加热原油。可再生能源作为一种对环境影响小,具有自我恢复及可持续利用的新型能源,在油田地面集输过程中具有很大的应用潜力。中国石化江苏油田根据自身地面集输过程的特点,将太阳能和风能应用于集输站,可替代集输工艺用能分别约为22%和44%,并将空气源热泵应用于井口采出原油加热,可减少电耗约87%;但太阳能、风能及空气源热泵均存在受自然因素影响显著、连续性和稳定性差的缺点。如果将太阳能、风能、热泵技术相互耦合并配以储热技术,将可实现为地面集输过程提供持续、稳定和经济的热量。

Currently,the crude oil is mostly 3-high type crude oil in China.A large amount of energy is used for heating crude oil in the oilfield surface gathering facilities.Renewable energy is a new kind of energy resources with smaller impacts on the environment,self-recovery and sustainable use.Renewable energy has a great potential for applications in the oilfield surface gathering facilities.According to the characteristics of surface production facilities in Jiangsu oilfield of SINOPEC,solar and wind energy have been applied to the gathering station and can replace gathering energy by approximately 22% and 44% respectively.Air source heat pumps have been applied to heat crude oil in the wellhead and 87% of the power consumption can be reduced approximately.However,solar,wind energy and air source heat pump are significantly affected by natural factors,and have continuity and stability of shortcomings.If solar,wind energy and the heat pump can be integrated with thermal storage technology,stable and economic heat can be obtained for heating crude oil in the oilfield surface gathering facilities.