红壤旱地春大豆品种的产量、品质及矿质营养的基因型差异

Genotypic difference of yield, seed quality and accumulation of mineral elements in spring soybean cultivars under lateritic soil condition

在江西红壤旱地底施氮磷钾肥条件下 ,6个不同生育期品种的产量均可达到 1 50 0 kg/hm2 以上 ,在气候条件较好的 1 997年 ,分别达到 1 70 0～ 2 3 50 kg/hm2 。产量高低及主要经济性状随品种生育期长短而异 ,与对照相比 ,增产率为 2 .54%～ 3 5.53 %,主要农艺性状亦存在差异 ;生育期长的品种比生育期短的品种蛋白质含量低、油分含量高 ,但蛋白质、油分之和均超过 65%。早熟品种 890 5-1不但产量高出中熟品种矮脚早 ,且蛋白质与油分之和达到 66.54%,表现优质、早熟、高产。 6个供试品种吸收、积累矿质营养元素的特性表现出一定差异 ,早熟品种早春 1号磷、钾及铁的含量较高 ,成熟期植株氮含量较低 ,中熟品种矮脚早对铁、锌、锰的吸收积累较高 ,中迟熟品种湘豆 1 0号 。

A field experiment was conducted in lateritic soil in Jiangxi province during 1997～1998 with N、P、K basal applied. The results indicated that the yield of 6 spring soybean cultivars tested was over 1500kg/hm 2, and reached 1700～2350kg/hm 2 in 1997 which the climate was normal. The yield of varieties related with their growth periods by the increasment ranged 2.54%～35.53% compared with CK. The protein content of long growth period varieties was lower than that of short growth period varieties while the result of oil content adversed. 8905 1 appeared earlier maturity, high yield and good quality with protein and oil content was over 66.54%. The accumulation of nutrient elements in 6 varieties was different. The content of P、K and Fe of plant in Zhaochun No.1 was the highest and N content in mature stage was the lowest among the 6 cultivars. The accumulation of Fe, Zn and Mn of Aijiaozhao with middle maturity was higher than that of the other cultivars with middle late maturity, and N content of plant in Xiangdou No.10, 95 5 maintained high level till mature stage.