外生菌根菌对樟子松苗木生长的影响

Effect of Ectomycorrhizae on the Growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Seedlings

以内蒙古大兴安林樟子松分布区较典型的6个乡土菌种与本实验室从法国引进的宿主范围较广的2个菌种及内蒙古地区分布广泛的土生空团菌为研究对象,采用固体和液体两种菌剂类型,对出苗30d左右的樟子松实生苗进行外生菌根菌接种试验,接种130d后观察菌根侵染情况及生长特性,同时对菌根化的樟子松苗木进行自然干旱胁迫,研究外生菌根菌接种对樟子松苗木生长及抗逆性的影响。结果显示:(1)5个乡土菌种和1个法国引进菌种均能够与樟子松实生苗共生菌根,菌根化苗木较对照的苗高增长10.5%～111.4%、地茎增长4.55%～92.8%、苗木干重增加6.8%～184.5%,且固体菌剂效果优于液体菌剂。(2)在干旱胁迫下,菌根化苗木叶绿素含量较对照增加5.82%～36.92%、净光合速率提高120.2%～217.03%,叶片推迟10.3～25h出现萎蔫,临界致死时间推迟13.8～38.2h。(3)接种菌种厚环乳牛肝菌和点柄乳牛肝菌的苗木菌根侵染率、苗木生长量、干旱胁迫下各项生理指标均显著优于其他菌种和对照。研究表明,樟子松实生苗菌根化对苗木生长有明显的促进作用,能够提高苗木对干旱胁迫的抵御能力;厚环乳牛肝菌和点柄乳牛肝菌是有潜在研究和应用价值的优良菌株,这两个菌株的固体菌剂可用于樟子松菌苗生产。

Six strains of ectomycorrhizal fungi of Mongol Scotch Pine （Pinus sylvestris var. mo,lgoHca Litvin） were obtained through field collecting, isolating, purifying and man-made inoculation experiments two strains, and the laboratory introduced from France which have a wide host range and Cenococcum geophilum of bacteria as the research object. Thirty days emergence seedlings of Mongol Scotch Pine were inoculated by ectomycorrhizal fungi strains using method of root soaking with different types of bacteria a gent of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the field. The effects of different single fungus strains on promoting the growth of Mongol Scotch Pine were studied. The results showed that： （]）Five local strains and one France strain in this experiment can promote the growth of Mongol Scotch Pine seedlings. The results of inocula tion show that the seedlings inoculated strains best on height, more than control after in oculated 130 days;collar diameter 4.55~92. 8%more than control after inoculated 130 days; the dry weight of seedlings inoculated strains are 6.8-184. Smore than control after inoculated 130 days. （2） Mycorrhizal biotechnology can raise the resistance to drouuht of condition of water stress,the chlorophyll content mcreasea rate amplified by 3.84-230.72%,the time of leaf wilting up delayed to 10.3-25 h,the time of seedlings Critical lethal time delayed to 13.8-38.2 h. （3）Seedlings inoculated by strain G-S. g,S. g, the average height, collar diameter,infection rated,dry weight and enhance the drought resistance of seedlings were in- creased significantly. To sum up, strain G-S. g and strain S. g should be fine strains to seedlings of Mongol Scotch Pine. In conclusion, strain G S. g and strain G-S. g of ectomycorrhizal fungi solid microbial inoculum can be put in use in promoting the growth of Mongol Scotch Pine seedlings. We concluded that inoculation with EM fungi in chestnut plant can enhance thedrought resistance.