大豆种子储藏性磷对幼苗适应低磷胁迫的作用

Effect of Storage Phosphorus in Soybean Seeds on the Tolerance to Low Phosphorus Stress at Seedlings Stage

选用种子大小不同、磷效率不同的两个大豆品种‘巴西10号’(B10)和‘本地2号’(L2),在不同供磷条件下进行营养液浇灌沙培,从大豆萌发至2片三出复叶完全展开期测定植株主要器官总磷、可溶性磷浓度、子叶可溶性蛋白、酸性磷酸酶比活性、植酸酶比活性的变化动态,探讨储藏性磷在大豆幼苗期适应磷胁迫中的作用。结果发现:(1)磷效率不同的两个大豆品种的种子中磷含量差异显著。(2)大豆萌发和幼苗生长过程中子叶的磷逐渐转入根、茎、叶中,并以转入叶中的磷最多,其中磷高效品种B10在发芽过程中子叶磷向各个器官转移的总磷量要高于磷低效品种L2,且持续时间长。(3)大豆萌发和幼苗生长过程中外源供磷水平显著影响子叶磷的转移,在外源供磷充足条件下各器官中总磷均高于低供磷条件,子叶中磷和外源磷存在补偿关系。(4)磷高效品种B10子叶中酸性磷酸酶活性在低磷条件下显著高于高磷条件,但磷低效品种L2在高、低磷间无显著差异。研究表明,大豆种子储藏性磷在幼苗期耐低磷能力建立方面具有重要作用。

Phosphorus, which mainly exists in development of soybean. However,there are organ-phosphorus status, can be enriched in seed during the a few research reports on the effects of storage phosphorus in soybean seed on the growth of soybean seedlings.＇Baxi 10＇ （B10） and ＇Bendi 2＇ （L2）,two kinds of soy bean varieties with the differences in seed size and phosphorus efficiency,were used investigate the status changes during the development of soybean using sand culture with different nutrition solutions. The total phosphorus contents,concentration of soluble phosphorus in main organs and the contenls of soluble proteins,acid protease aciivity,phytase activity in leaves were determined during the seed germination stage to 2 trifoliate stage in different phosphorus conditions. The results showed thai： （1）The phosphorus contents in seeds of B10 and 1.2 are significantly different. （2）Most phosphorus in the cotyledons were transferred to roots,stems and leaves during the processes of soybean germination and seedling growth,while most phosphorus in the cotyledons was transferred ＊o leaves. The totaphosphorus of transferred from cotyledons to other organs was different from that of 1.2 during the process of soybean germination. （3）The transfer of phosphorus in cotyledons was distinctly influenced by the content of phosphorus solution. The results also showed that there existed in a complementary relation between phosphorus in cotyledons andleaves, and the contents of total phosphorus in organs with phosphorus supply conditions were higher than that under the conditions without phosphorus supply. The acid phosphatase activity of BIO in cotyledons under low phosphorus supply condition was much higher than that under high phosphorus supply condition,while there was no difference of acid phosphatase activity o L2 under low or high phosphorus supply condition. All the results suggested that the storage phosphorus in the cotyledons played important roles in the process of young seedling.