撑绿杂交竹和硬头黄竹克隆生长特性比较

Comparative Analysis on the Clonal Growth Characteristics of Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopsis daii and B.rigida

以撑绿杂交竹(Bambusa pervariabilis×Dendrocalamopsis daii)和硬头黄竹(Bambusa rigida)为研究对象,探讨了两种丛生竹生物量分配及克隆生长特性。结果表明,硬头黄竹秆生物量比例显著高于撑绿杂交竹,枝和叶生物量比例显著低于撑绿杂交竹,硬头黄竹具有更高的养分同化效率。硬头黄竹与撑绿杂交竹的繁殖率无明显差异,但其退笋率显著低于撑绿杂交竹,表明硬头黄竹具有更高的繁殖效率。此外,与撑绿杂交竹相比,硬头黄竹的成竹根茎更长,资源开拓性更强。两种丛生竹的新竹生长与母竹数量、大小和年龄结构具显著相关性。硬头黄竹产生的竹笋质量高,具有较高的成竹率,生长策略类似K对策;撑绿杂交竹产生的竹笋数量多,但退笋率较高,类似r对策。硬头黄竹和撑绿杂交竹的成竹数(成竹胸径)与母竹数量(母竹胸径)间存在线性相关关系,可以用线性模型模拟。

We studied the biornass allocation and clonal growth characteristics of Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendro- calamopsis daft and B. rigida in Changning County, Sichuan Province. The biomass of stem was higher but those of branches and leaves lower in B. rigida than B. pervariabilis × D. daft, so B. rigida had greater nutrient assimilation effi- ciency. The reproduction ratio of both species did not differ. However, the degenerated shoot ratio was lower for B. rigida than B. pervariabilis x D. daft, so reproduction of B. rigida was more efficient. The rhizome length was longer for B. rigida than B. pervariabilis × D. daft, so B. rigida had faster expansion ability. The growth characteristics of new bamboo were significantly associated with quantity, size and age structure of mother bamboo in B. pervariabilis× D. daft and B. rigida forests. B. rigida had a K-strategy reproductive strategy, for strong ability to produce shoots with higher ratio of grown bamboo, and B. pervariabilis ×D. daii had an R-strategy, with higher ratio of shoot production and degeneration. The numbers and diameters of new bamboo at breast height were strongly correlated with that of the mother bamboo, which could be simulated with a linear model.