自体肋软骨分期法耳廓再造术并发症的处理及预防

Treatment and prevention of complications of auricle reconstruction using autologus rib cartilage staging method

目的总结先天性小耳畸形患者在使用自体肋软骨移植再造全耳廓时的并发症，探讨其处理及预防方法。方法选择2007年7月至2012年6月301例耳廓畸形患者已完成自体肋软骨支架移植耳廓再造术的先天性小耳畸形患者，总结该术式中并发症的种类及各类并发症的处理经验、预防方法。结果在耳廓再造术中最常见的并发症是血肿、感染、颞部皮瓣坏死、耳支架外露、再造耳颅角过小、再造耳廓形态不佳、气胸等，但是经积极正确的处理，总结有效的预防方法，使我们的耳廓术取得了长足的进步。结论分期法自体肋软骨移植全耳再造术中常见的并发症不可避免，正确及时地处理及有效地预防是耳廓再造术成功的关键。

Objective To summary the complications of congenital small ear malformation patients underwent auricle reconstruction using autologous costal cartilage graft, and investigate the treatment and prevention methods. Methods From July 2007 to June 2012, 301 patients with auricle malformation had complete autologous rib cartilage transplantation and auricle reconstruction. The complications of the operation, the experience of treatment and prevention methods were summarized. Results The most common complications in auricle reconstruction were：hematoma, infection, temporal flap necrosis, ear framework exposed, small reengineering ear cranial angle, poor shape of reconstruction auricle form, aerothorax, etc. But under active treatment and effective prevention methods, improvedment had been made. Conclusions Complications are inevitable in auricle reconstruction using autologus rib cartilage in stages. The key to the success of auricle reconstruction is treatment correctly and timely and effective prevention.