国有企业的独立化和社会化——国有企业改革的目标、途径和方法

Independentization and socialization of state-owend enterprises——The target,channel and method of SOE.reform

国有企业改革的目标是建立现代企业制度。现代企业制度是财产、组织和管理社会化的企业制度。它以企业的独立性为前提。国有企业改革应从确立企业独立的财产所有权和经营自主权 ,以及大型国有企业分解为各个独立的部分出发 ,把国有企业的权利和责任落实到位。在此基础上 ,推行国有企业的社会化 ,实行国有与非国有的混合联合 ,以加强企业的独立化和提高企业的经营管理水平 ,建立真正符合现代市场经济发展要求的企业制度。国有企业改革面临自然历史发展与现实客观要求的矛盾 ,解决的办法是实行“独立化”与“社会化”的衔接转换 ,以分化和整合为主要内容 ,以建立管理产权为根本着力点 。

The aim to reform China state-owned enterprises(SOEs)is to build the modern enterprise system.The modern enterprise system,which depends on the independence of the enterprise,is an unit of property,organization and social administration.The reform of SOEs should start from ensuring the independent property ownership and self-determination operation rights and separating the large-scale SOEs into several independent sectors,so that the rights and obligation of SOEs will be ensured.Under the same basis,the independence of SOEs will be strengthened and the level of operating and administrating enterprises will be improved by carrying out the socialization of the SOEs and the uniting the SOEs with non-SOEs.As result of doing so,the enterprise system,which agrees with the development of the modern market economy,will be built.The reform of SOEs faces the difficulty of history and reality,the way to solving them is to carry out the independence and socialization of SOEs.The main content of doing so is to separate and conform the enterprises,build the scientific system of property rights and select the excellent managers.