老年高血压昼夜节律与心率变异性及心律失常的关系探讨

Relationship between circadian rhythm of blood pressure, heart rate variability, and arrhythmia in elderly patients with hypertension

目的探讨老年高血压昼夜节律与心率变异性及心律失常的关系。方法对老年高血压和非老年高血压患者进行动态血压、动态心电图检测,心率变异性分析。结果老年高血压组昼夜节律减弱或消失,心率变异性下降,组间对比有统计学差异,心律失常检出增多。结论老年高血压患者自主神经功能受损,表现为心率变异性下降和血压昼夜节律减弱或消失,构成心律失常的相关因素。应定期检测心率变异性及动态血压监测。

Objective To investigate the relationship between circadian rhythm of blood pressure, heart rate variability, and arrhythmia in elderly patients with hypertension. Methods Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and ambulatory electrocardiography, as well as heart rate variability analysis, were performed in the elderly with and without hypertension. Results Among the elderly with hypertension, the circadian rhythm of blood pressure decreased or disappeared, and the heart rate variability decreased, with significant differences compared with those without hypertension. In addition, there were more cases of arrhythmia in the elderly with hypertension. Conclusion The elderly patients with hypertension have impaired autonomic nervous function; their heart rate variability decreases, and the circadian rhythm of blood pressure decreases or disappears, which are the risk factors for arrhythmia. Heart rate variability measurement and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring should be performed regularly.