基于机翼变形的新型电力巡线固定翼无人机的研制

Development of New Unmanned Fixed-wings Aircraft Patrol Based on Wing Deformation to Power Transmission Line

针对目前输电线路巡检无人机不能兼具高速、低阻力、大航程全线快速普查,以及在故障疑似地段进行低速、低空精细巡查功能的问题,研制了一种可实现机翼变形的新型油动电力巡线固定翼无人机及输电线路巡检系统,以提高巡线效率。新型无人机以固定翼无人机为载体,携带影像采集设备进行航拍巡视,搜索、定位、采集线路缺陷和隐患的影像数据;根据线路杆塔的GPS坐标信息,预设航迹点进行全自主飞行巡检,并可实时显示机载影像;以实时传回的机载影像为操作指导,在线路的重点巡检地段进行无人机机翼变形,实现低速、低空精细巡查,飞行航时长达3 h,可用于开展地面起伏相对较小的山区、平原地区的日常巡线和大面积电力线路灾情的监控工作。

In connection with the shortcomings of the current power transmission line inspection Unmanned Aerial Vehicle （UAV）, a new electric power inspection fixed-wing UAV is developed to improve the efficiency. The advantages and characteristics are concluded when it is compared with electric fixed-wing UAV, it is integrated applied to electric patrol scheme. The images of the line defects and potential problems are located and collected with the aerial views of the cameras. Combined with the GPS of the transmission tower, an autonomous flight inspection and airborne image real-time display is presented according to the default track points. The real-time image is considered as instructions to deformat UAV wings and achieve low-speed and low-altitude detailed inspection of the key parts of the circuit. It is able to self-control over-continent flight for 3 hours and it can be used to conduct ground and relatively small mountain ranges, plains region of daily patrol and large area electric power line disaster monitoring work.