汉代话语专制与儒家诗学之命运——从董仲舒治学的主观动机和客观后果谈起

Discourse Autarchy in Han Dynasty and Fate of Confucian Poetics——From a View of Subjective Motivation and Objective Effect of Dong Zhongshu’s Thoughts

汉代儒家诗学常被批评为具有过多的政治功利性和天人感应论的色彩,片面纠结于此种价值评判容易忽略汉代儒家诗学在话语专制下委曲表达其道德政治理想的现实,也无法深入了解其乌托邦和意识形态性的双重性格,作为推动五经科旨在汉代成为官方意识形态和官学授业主要内容的重要儒者,董仲舒的道德政治理想在主观动机和客观后果上的分裂奠定了汉代学术的基本性格,也造成了汉代儒家诗学此种游走于现实与超越两端的命运。

Confucian Poetics in Han dynasty is always criticized too much political utilitarianism and thoughts of interaction between Heaven and Man, but such criticism is inclined to overlook the Confucian ideal of moral polity in discourse autarchy of Han dynasty and its dual characters of Utopia and ideology. As an important Confucian, the subjective motivation and objective effect of Dong Zhougshu established the basic characteristic of thoughts of Hart dynasty and also resulted in the fate of Confucian Poetics in Han dynasty wandering between reality and transcendency.