汉、傣、苗语“形后名”结构关系比较分析

A Comparative Study on "Adj + Noun" Structures in Han,Dai and Miao Languages

汉语、傣语、苗语都有一种"形容词后面加名词"的序列结构。这种序列结构从意义上来分析,表现出四种情况:构成复合词,参与组合的两个成分的意义融合成一种新概念;参与组合的两个成分的意义是配合关系,构成一种修饰关系(形容词是修饰语,名词是被修饰语);参与组合的两个成分的意义也是配合关系,但构成一种谓宾关系——形容词动词化,后面的名词是其宾语;参与组合的两个成分的意义也是配合关系,但构成一种谓主关系。

There are ＂adj ＋ noun＂ serial structures in Han language,Dai language and Miao language. This kind of serial structures, to be analyzed semantically, falls into four categories, i.e. forming compound words, in which the two elements are integrated into a new coneept; forming modification structures, in which the relation of the two elements are coordinations; forming ＂predicate ＋ object＂ structures; in which the adjectives are verbalized and followed by objects; and lastly forming ＂predicate ＋ subject＂ structures.