大型灾害及事故紧急医疗救援研究内容的思考

Thoughts about the content of emergency medical rescue for large-scale disasters and accidents

本文介绍了对大型灾难及事故紧急医疗救援的研究内容和开展研究的意义。研究内容分为两部分,第一部分是对我国既往对灾难事故救援的现状研究,包括现场救援的总体性研究、救援缺陷研究以及救援法律法规研究。第二部分是对灾难事故的现场救援研究,包括灾难事故损失早期评估研究;建立高素质、高效率的专业救援队伍的研究;救援物资及装备研究;灾难事故导致伤害的原因、种类、性质、特征、概率、后果和最佳应对方案研究;人员和设备输送研究;现场救援的风险评估及对策研究;现场救援的组织指挥研究;受困人员生命探测搜索研究;受困人员解救脱险研究;检伤分类研究;伤员潜在致命情况评估研究;危重症患者现场生命支持研究;战伤自救基本技术研究;特殊情况导致的伤害救援研究;伤员分流及转运研究;停止救援及现场清理时机研究;疫情防控研究;院内强化治疗研究;群众现场避险逃生、自救互救及防灾减灾措施研究。

This article describes the contents of emergency medical rescue study and research for major disaster and accident, and significance of it. The study is divided into two parts, the first part of our previous study of the status quo of the disaster relief,including the laws and regulations of the overall study of the on-site rescue, rescue defects research. The second part is the scene of disaster relief research,including disaster losses early assessment studies; create high-quality, high-efficiency professional rescue teams; relief supplies and equipment; disaster led to the in- jury ,the type, nature ,characteristics ,probability ,consequences ,and the best response program of study; personnel and equipment transport studies; site rescue risk assessment and countermeasure research; research organization and com- mand of the rescue scene; people trapped in life detection search; rescue people trapped in danger research; triage; wounded potentially fatal situation assessment studies; critically ill patients live life support; war wounds self-help ba- sic technology research; special circumstances leading to the injury rescue research; wounded bypass and transport studies; stopped rescue and timing of site cleanup research; epidemic control research; hospital intensive therapy re- search; masses hedge escape, self-help and disaster prevention and mitization measures.