煤矿区先锋植物猪屎豆接种丛枝菌根的效应研究

Study on Effects of Crotalaria pallida Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Coal Mining Area

以煤矿尾矿区土著先锋植物猪屎豆(Crotalaria pallida Ait.)为研究对象,开展了3种基质配比、4种丛枝菌根接种后的效应研究。结果表明:(1)从宿主生物量、菌根侵染率及侵染强度、50g干土中的孢子数、根系活力看,A4菌根是最适合梅州明山矿区先锋植物猪屎豆的优势菌种,菌剂与基质优势组合是A4B1;(2)不同菌种、植株及地上部/地下部对镉、锌、铜、镍、锰5种重金属元素的吸收-排斥效应是不同的。从镉元素看,与对照A5相比,A1、A3、A4菌根促进或抑制对镉吸收-排斥效应均达极显著差异水平,这3种菌根结合猪屎豆可作为明山废矿区镉污染丛枝菌根-植物联合修复的优势菌种;4种菌根对促进或阻止铜、锰吸收-排斥效应均不显著;(3)覆土少的(覆2cm厚黄土于9cm厚煤矸石上)相应高于不接种且覆土厚(覆7cm厚黄土于4cm厚煤矸石上)的,说明接种菌根具有抵消由于覆土少而导致的植株生物量降低的潜力,极大地节约了复垦费用,综合经济效益十分可观。

In order to better expand land reclamation and ecological reconstruction of wastland of coalmine tailing in Mingshan, effects of Crotalaria pallida （a kind of indigenous pioneer plant） was studied by contrast of three different mediums and respectively inoculation of four arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, The chief results were as follows. （1）Seen from biomass of host, mycorrhizal infection rate and intensity, spores of 50 g dry soil, and root activity of four indicators, A4（Glomus versiforme） was a kind of dominant species for the best suitable Crotalaria pallida in coalmine tailing of Mingshan, and A4B1 was superior combination of mediums and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. （2） Effects of the absorption-repulsion of five heavy metals （Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni and Mn）, different mycorrhizal fungus as well as roots and shoots of plant, were different, of which Cd effect of the A1, A3 and A4 that caused absorption or repulsion was very marked difference, and the three kinds of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi combination Crotalaria pallida in the united repairs of AMF plant were used as superior fungi of Cd contamination of coalmine tailing in Mingshan; of which Cu and Mn effect of the absorption-repulsion of 4 kinds of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that causesd absorption or repulsion was not marked. （3）Because the reclaimed soil with a little soil（loess thickness of 2 cm and gangue thickness of 9 cm） were higher than those for non-mycorrhizal plants in reclaimed soil with a great soil（loess thickness of 7 cm and gangue thickness of 4 cm）, arbuscular mycorrhizae had a potential to counteract the effect induced by a small thickness of covered soil, reclamation fee could be very reduced, and comprehensive economic benefits were great generous.