蚂蟥与梨形环棱螺营养成分的相关性研究

Correlation analysis between nutritive components of Whitmania pigra and Bellamya purificata

采用凯氏定氮法、索氏抽提法、3,5-二硝基水杨酸比色法、ICP-AES、氨基酸自动分析仪测定蚂蟥、梨形环棱螺体液和全肉中总蛋白、粗脂肪、总糖、无机元素、氨基酸的含量,比较和分析蚂蟥与梨形环棱螺体液和全肉中的营养成分,为蚂蟥人工饲料的研究以及资源开发提供基础。结果表明,蚂蟥、螺蛳体液、螺蛳全肉中总蛋白量分别为65.01%,32.12%,43.31%,粗脂肪的量分别为5.317%,8.828%,4.896%,蚂蟥总蛋白、粗脂肪、总糖的量与螺蛳体液和全肉相比有显著性差异(P<0.05);蚂蟥、螺蛳体液和全肉中均含有较为丰富的氨基酸和无机元素,三者中人体必需氨基酸质量分数分别为32.6,221.59,40.78 mg.g-1,鲜味氨基酸质量分数分别为27.51,14.5,32.03 mg.g-1,抗氧化氨基酸质量分数分别为8.81,5.91,9.73 mg.g-1;蚂蟥、螺蛳体液和全肉中氨基酸含量的前3位均为Glu(谷氨酸)、Asp(天冬氨酸)、Leu(亮氨酸),钙(Ca)、磷(P)、镁(Mg)等大量元素的含量均较高,微量元素锌(Zn)、硅(Si)、铁(Fe)的含量排列很相似。实验结果提示可以考虑将蚂蟥作为新资源食品进行开发,同时可为其人工饲料的开发提供依据。

The dried Whitmania pigra is used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. Bellamya purificata is widely distributed in the Chang Jiang River basin, it is natural diets of W. pigra. Current study was conducted to compare and analyze the nutritional ingredient in W. pigra, body fluid and flesh of B. purificata. Results showed that the contents of protein, crude fat and total sugar in IV. pigra, body fluid and flesh of B. purificata were significantly differ- ent （P 〈 0.05）. Protein content in W. pigra accounts up to 65.01%. The contents of inorganic elements and amino acid were abun- dant in W. pigra, body fluid and flesh of B. purificata. The content of essential amino acids in them were 32.6, 221.59, 40.78 mg . g -1, respectively. The content of flavor amino acid in them were 27.51 , 14.5 , 32.03 mg . g-1 , while the coresponding content of antioxidant amino acid were 8.81,5.91, 9.73 mg . g-1, respectively. The individual amino acids of high content in them were Glu, Asp and Leu. Macro elements Ca, P, Mg and trace elements Zn, Si, Fe were abundant. It could be speculated that W. pigra may be a promising novel food, and the present results provide a foundation to develop artificial feed for W. Pigra.