基于HPLC指纹图谱的黄芩道地药材与非道地药材的鉴别研究

Study on HPLC-fingerprint-based identification of Dao-di herb and non Dao-di herb of Scutellariae Radix

目的:比较道地、非道地黄芩的化学成分差异,研究产地、生长方式(野生栽培)对药材化学成分的影响,为黄芩道地药材鉴别和质量评价提供科学依据。方法:采用HPLC指纹图谱方法对不同产地及生长方式的黄芩药材中的化学成分进行检测,采用系统聚类分析、主成分分析及成分组峰面积模式对指纹谱数据进行评价。结果:道地药材与非道地药材指纹谱轮廓特征明显不同。现代道地产区河北承德的黄芩指纹谱除内蒙古赤峰(现代非道地产区)的样品指纹谱特征与其相似外明显区别于其他产地;古代本草上所记载的黄芩产区甘肃庆阳,陕西延安,山东临沂,山西长治、晋中的黄芩样品化学特征相似;现代非道地产区甘肃定西、陇南,陕西商洛的黄芩药材指纹谱特征相似;野生黄芩的阿替苷含量高于栽培黄芩。结论:利用指纹图谱轮廓特征可对道地与非道地黄芩药材进行鉴别区分,该研究结果可为黄芩药材质量控制,以及道地与非道地黄芩药材的药性药效研究提供参考依据。

Objective： To compare the discrepancies between chemical constituents in Dao-di herb and non Dao-di herb of Huangqin （ the root of Scutellaria baicalensis）, study the impact of habitat and growth pattern （ including cultivated and wild Huan- gqin） on chemical substances of Huangqin, and then provide evidence for the identification of Dao-di herb and quality evaluation of Huangqin. Method： The chemical constituents in Huangqin collected from different habitats and under different growth patterns, were analyzed using HPLC fingerprint. The fingerprints obtained were then evaluated by hierarchical clustering analysis, principal component analysis and components peak area pattern. Result： The fingerprints＇ chemical profiles of Dao-di herb and non Dao-di Huangqin had significant disparity. The fingerprints of modem Dao-di herb Huangqin samples originated from Chengde （Hebei Province） were signifi- cantly different from those from other habitats, though the fingerprints of the non Dao-di Huangqin collected from Chifeng （ Inner Mon- golia） and Chengde had high similarity to each other. The chemical characteristics of Huangqin samples collected from the habitats re- corded in ancient herbals, such as Qingyang （Gansu Province）, Yan＇an （Shaanxi Province）, Linyi （Shangdong Province）, Changzhi and Jinzhong （Shanxi Province） were similar. The fingerprints of modem non Dao-di samples collected from Dingxi and Longnan （ Gansu Province） and Shangluo （ Shaanxi Province） had high similarity. In addition, the content of acteoside in wild Huangqin was higher than that in cultivated Huangqin. Conclusion： Dao-di herb and non Dao-di herb of Huangqin could be distinguished using the developed HPLC fingerprints. The results obtained may provide evidence for the quality control and pharmcodynamical research of Dao- di herb and non Dao-di Huangqin.