3种调控剂对空心菜-土壤系统中镉的污染调控作用的研究

Research on Regulatory Effects of Three Amendments for Cadmium's Contamination in Water Spinach-soil System

采用Cd污染的现场土样进行盆栽试验,以空心菜为实验对象,研究3种调控剂(钙基矿物质、粘土矿物和炭质物质)对空心菜-土壤系统中重金属镉累积与分布的影响,探寻不同调控剂及其复配对空心菜镉富集的影响。结果表明,复合调控剂对空心菜生物量、可食用部分Cd含量的调控效果明显大于对应的单一调控剂,其中钙基矿物质和炭质物质配施效果最好;单一调控剂促进空心菜生长的效果从大到小为炭质物质>钙基矿物质>粘土矿物;钙基矿物质与炭质物质或粘土矿物的配施对降低土壤中有效态Cd效果最好,不同调控剂降低土壤中有效态镉的范围为8.5%～76.5%,其中降低土壤中有效态Cd效果最好的为钙基矿物质∶炭质物质比例为1∶1时,降低的幅度为76.5%;调控剂降低空心菜吸收镉的范围为7.6%～75.9%,其中降低空心菜重金属Cd效果最好的为钙基矿物质∶炭质物质比例为3∶1时,降低的幅度为75.9%。综合分析,钙基矿物质和炭质物质配施不仅可以使空心菜增产,还可以降低Cd的污染风险。

Based on pot experiments which Cd-contaminated field soil were used, with water spinach as experimental material, studies were conducted to investigate how 3 kinds of amendments （Calcium-based minerals,clay minerals and carbonaceous material）differently affected the heavy mental cadmium＇s accumulation and distribution in water spinachsoil system in order to explore the effects of different amendments for Cd＇s enrichment in water spinach. Research results show that the composite regulation amendments have better regulatory effects on the biomass of water spinach and Cd in edible portion than the corresponding single regulation amendment where in the mixture of Calcium-based minerals fertilizer and carbonaceous material has the best effect; growth effect of single regulation amendment for promoting water spinach from the largest to the smallest is：carbonaceous material;Calcium-based minerals fertilizer;clay minerals; the mixture of Calcium-based minerals fertilizer and peak has the best effect in reducing Cd in field soils, the percentage of the different regulation amendment to reduce Cd in field soils that ranges from 8. 5% to 76. 5%, the effect of reducing CA is the best when the radio of phosphate and carbonaceous material is 1 ： 1, which reduce the rate of 76.5%; different regulation agent to reduce the percentage that ranges from 7.6% to 75.9;, the effect of reducing CA is the best when the radio of phosphate and carbonaceous material is 3 ： 1, which reduce the rate of 75. 9%;Through comprehensive analysis, the mix application of Calcium-based minerals and carbonaceous material can not only increase affective yield but also reduce Cd;s risk of pollution.