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全髋关节置换中严重髋臼畸形重建临床观察

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摘要 目的:探讨全髋关节置换术中合并严重髋臼畸形的处理方法。方法:2002年1月~2012年1月共收治存在严重髋臼畸形患者68例,包括髋臼发育不良42例、髋关节结核4例、类风湿性关节炎8例、强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变14例,均行全髋关节置换术,采取髋臼加深、Zweymulle双锥面螺旋型髋臼、颗粒压配植骨、自体结构性植骨及钛网加植骨等多种方法行真臼重建,部分病例术前行CT三维重建以辅助髋臼重建方案的确定。结果:随访6~48月,平均22月;Harris评分由术前平均42.0分,增至术后平均92.4分。随访期间未发生假体无菌性松动,无血管神经损伤。本组中所有患者经过软组织松解后均能在解剖位真臼置放假体,并只有2例的患者出现下肢麻木,半年后均恢复,肢体的延长并未造成明显的血管神经损伤。本组中5例修整取下的股骨头行Harris髋臼植骨成形术。本组中最小的髋臼假体为42mm,辅以前述的不同方法,均有效覆盖了髋臼假体,不需要使用小直径髋臼。所有患者髋关节无疼痛,X线示髋臼和假体柄位置满意,无松动和感染征象,短期内临床效果好,长期效果仍有待进一步观察。结论:严重髋臼畸形的全髋关节置换术中,通过髋臼加深、Zweymulle双锥面螺旋型髋臼、颗粒压配植骨、自体结构性植骨及钛网加植骨等多种方法能很好的重建髋臼,恢复良好的稳定性和提高Harris评分,取得很好的疗效。
出处 《新中医》 CAS 2013年第7期57-59,共3页 New Chinese Medicine
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