伪满建国前东北地区的货币体系

Monetary System in Northeast China before Establishment of Manchukuo

本文通过对伪满洲国成立前东北地区的货币发行主体、货币种类、货币的发行额和币值变动情况等问题进行梳理,力图廓清当时东北地区货币体系的基本状态。中资银行中的东三省官银号、吉林永衡官银钱号、黑龙江广信公司、边业银行和日本的横滨正金银行、朝鲜银行是最重要的货币发行主体。东北地区流通的货币以银本位货币为主,发行量最大的是奉票。金本位货币中朝鲜银行金券发行量最大。从币值变动看,正金银行券与朝鲜银行券汇率稳定,银本位货币的币值变动与国际银价波动关系密切。

In this paper, the author tries to make the basic situation of the monetary system in Northeast China, by rearranging these issues, such as the main currency issuers, currency types, currency issue amount and the change of the currency value in Northeast China before the establishment of Manchukuo. The most important currency issuers included Chinese banks, such as Government Bank of Three Northeast Provinces, Yongheng Provincial Bank of J ilin, Heilongjiang Guangxin Bank and Frontier Bank and Japanese banks, such as Yokohama Specie Bank and Bank of Korea. Fengpiao was the most important silver standard currency and the gold bill issued by Bank of Korea was the most important gold standard currency. The exchange rate between Yokohama Specie Bank bill and Bank of Korea gold bill had a small fluctuation and the value of the silver standard currencies were closely related to the change of international silver price.