摘要
目的:了解我院儿童肺炎支原体感染在年龄、性别、季节及疾病种类的分布情况,并对肺炎支原体的耐药性进行分析。方法:选取我院2011年11月-2012年10月儿科住院治疗的急性呼吸道感染患儿2397例,入院当天采集静脉血检测肺炎支原体抗体IgM。采集咽拭子标本进行支原体分离培养鉴定,并做药敏试验。结果:2397例患有急性呼吸道感染的患儿,肺炎支原体抗体IgM检测阳性的有688例,总阳性率28.70%,其中≤1岁者有108例(11.33%);>1~3岁者有262例(36.49%);>3~6岁者有208例(44.35%);>6~14岁者有110例(42.80%)。按季节分布,夏季肺炎支原体抗体IgM检测阳性率高于其他季节。按疾病分布,肺炎支原体抗体IgM检测阳性上呼吸道感染284例(36.18%),下呼吸道感染404例(25.06%)。肺炎支原体培养阳性的有486例(20.28%),其中≤1岁者有82例(8.60%);>1~3岁者有201例(27.99%);>3~6岁者有133例(28.36%);>6~14岁者有70例(27.24%)。药物敏感试验,强力霉素敏感458例(94.24%);美满霉素敏感449例(92.39%);交沙霉素敏感95例(19.55%);克拉霉素敏感341例(70.16%);罗红霉素敏感307例(63.17%);阿奇霉素敏感445例(91.56%);氧氟沙星敏感185例(38.07%);左氧氟沙星敏感458例(94.24%);司帕沙星敏感460例(94.65%)。结论:1岁以内儿童肺炎支原体感染较少,之后随年龄的增长感染率逐渐增加;夏季感染率高可能与气候相关;上呼吸道感染所占比率较高与患儿年龄增大、免疫功能成熟有关。强力霉素、美满霉素、阿奇霉素、左氧氟沙星、司帕沙星对肺炎支原体敏感,交沙霉素、氧氟沙星对肺炎支原体耐药。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) infection by age, gender, season and diseases in children of our hospital, and to analyze the drug resistance of MP. METHODS: From Nov. 2011 to Oct. 2012, 2 397 children with acute respiratory tract infection were selected in pediatric department of our hospital. MP-IgM of venous blood was tested on the first day in hospital. Pharyngeal swab samples were collected for MP cultivation identification and drug sensitive test was conducted. RESULTS: Among 2 397 children with acute respiratory infection, MP-IgM test was positive in 688 patients with total positive rate of 28.70%, among which 108 cases were in ≤ 1 years old (11.33%), 262 cases in 〉 1-3 years old (36.49%), 208 cases in 〉3-6 years old (44.35%), and 110 cases in 〉6-14 years old (42.80%). According to season distribution, positive rate of MP-IgM test in summer was higher than in other seasons. According to the distribution of disease, there were 284 cases of upper respiratory tract infection (36.18%), and 404 cases of lower respiratory tract infection (25.06%). 486 cases were MP culti-vate positive(20.28%), among which 82 cases were in ≤1 years old (8.60%), 201 cases in 〉1-3 years old (27.99%), 133 cas-es in 〉3-6 years old (28.36%) and 70 cases in 〉6-14 years old (27.24%). In drug sensitive test, 458 cases were sensitive to dox- ycycline (94.24%), 449 cases sensitive to minocycline (92.39%), 95 cases sensitive to josamycin (19.55%), 341 cases sensitive to clarithromycin (70.16%), 307 cases sensitive to roxithromycin (63.17%), 445 cases sensitive to azithromycin (91.56%), 185 cases sensitive to ofloxacin (38.07%), 458 cases sensitive to levofloxacin (94.24%) and 460 cases sensitive to sparfloxacin (94.65%). CONCLUSIONS: Less MP infection has been found in children younger than 1 year old, and the infection rate increase gradually along with the growth of the age; high infection rates in summer may be related with climate; the percentage of upper re-spiratory tract infection is higher, associated with the age and the mature of immune function. Doxycycline, minocyeline, azithro-mycin, levofloxacin and sparfloxacin are sensitive to MP, and josamycin and ofloxacin are resistant to MP.
出处
《中国药房》
CAS
CSCD
2013年第26期2430-2432,共3页
China Pharmacy
关键词
急性呼吸道感染
肺炎支原体感染
耐药性
儿童
Acute respiratory tract infection
Mycoplasma pneumonia infection
Drug resistance
Children