麻醉方法对大鼠生理、血气及血液流变学的影响

The influence of different anesthesia on the physiology,blood gas and hemorheology of rat

目的比较不同麻醉方式对大鼠生理、血气及血液流变学的影响,完善血液代用品标准评价模型的制备。方法 Wistar大鼠(16只)随机分为2组,分别采用戊巴比妥钠腹腔注射和乌拉坦肌肉注射的方法麻醉。记录麻醉起效时间,每隔5 min记录各项生理指标,直至术后40 min,随后抽血检测血气、血细胞及各项流变学参数。结果戊巴比妥钠组和乌拉坦组麻醉起效时间分别约为3.67和31 min,戊巴比妥钠腹腔注射起效显著快于乌拉坦肌肉注射(P<0.01);相对于戊巴比妥钠组,乌拉坦组降低平均动脉压(5、15、30、35、40 min)、收缩压(35、40min)、舒张压(15、30、35、40 min)、脉压差(40 min)和体温(除5 min时间点外),均为P<0.05;术后40 min,乌拉坦组Hct高于戊巴比妥钠组(P<0.05),pH明显降低(P<0.01),血浆粘度降低(P<0.05)。结论乌拉坦肌肉注射麻醉影响大鼠生理、血气分析和血液流变学指标,在进行药效评价时需慎重选择。

Objective To compare the influence of different anesthesia on parameters of physiology,blood gas and hemorheology,and standardize the model used for evaluating the blood substitutes.Methods A total of 16 Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups randomly according to the anesthesia,sodium pentobarbital intraperitoneal injection（S group） or urethane intramuscular injection（U group）.The acting time was recorded and the physiological parameters were also evaluated every 5 min till 40 min after operation.Then blood was withdrawn to assess the blood gas,blood cells and hemorrheology parameters.Results The times needed for S group and U group were 3.67 min and 31 min respectively,showing that the former came into effect much faster than the latter（P 0.01）.Compared with S group,the U group decreased the mean arterial pressure（5,15,30,35 and 40 min,P 0.05）,the systolic pressure（35 and 40 min,P 0.05）,the diastolic blood pressure（15,30 and 35 min,P 0.05）,the pulse pressure（40 min,P 0.05） and the body temperature（expect for 5 min,P 0.05） significantly.And 40 min after the operation,there were significant higher haematocrit（P 0.05）,lower arterial pH value（P 0.01） and plasma viscosity（P 0.05） in U group than those in S group.Conclusion The anesthesia via urethane intramuscular injection should be chosen cautiously because of its influences on rats＇ physiology,blood gas and hemorrheology parameters.