多源卫星遥感草原火灾动态监测分析

Dynamic monitoring and analysis of grassland fire based on multi-source satellite remote sensing data

草原火灾突发性强、发展迅速。为了对扑火救灾工作提供快速、准确的空间信息支持,在分析卫星遥感火点监测、亚像元火点面积和过火区估算的基础上,以2012年4月7日内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟东乌旗草原火灾监测为例,综合利用气象卫星数据、环境减灾卫星数据和气象常规观测数据对火灾过程进行了动态监测分析。重点分析了烟雾、云和阴影影响的消除过程。最后给出了利用9个时次的多源卫星遥感资料对这次火灾过程的动态监测和分析结果。结果表明综合利用多源数据可以更加准确、全面、动态地监测分析草原火灾。提出的分析方法可供利用多源数据开展草原火灾近实时监测、快速评估工作参考。

Grassland fires happen suddenly and develop quickly. In order to provide rapid and exact support of fire spatial information, this paper analyzed the dynamic monitoring of fire process based on the analysis of satellite remote sensing fire point monitoring, sub-pixel fire area and burned scar region estimation. The grassland fire happened in Dong Ujimqin Banner, Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia on April 7,2012 were selected as examples, and meteorological satellite data, environmental disaster reduction satellite data and conventional meteological observantion data were referred to comprehensively. The dissipation process of smoke, cloud and shade in the images was the research focus. The dynamic monitoring and analysis results of the fire process were presented using the multi-source satellite remote sensing data at nine different time points. Results show that the comprehensive use of multi-source data could monitor the grassland fire accurately, completely and dynamically, and the analytical method could give a reference to real-time monitoring and rapid estimation of grassland fire multi-source data.