新疆四所特殊教育学校手语使用状况的调查

Investigation of Sign Language Using Status in Four Special Educational Schools in Xinjiang

对新疆四所特殊教育学校的316名聋生和160名使用手语教学的教师进行手语使用状况问卷调查,结果显示:师生主要使用的手语类型按比例从高到低依次为"两类手语并用"、"中国手语"和"地方手语";聋生主要使用"地方手语"的比例及其水平高于教师;教师主要使用"中国手语"的比例及其水平高于聋生;职前学习和同事教授是教师学习手语的主要途径;教师、师生、聋生之间的手语使用差异在不同程度上影响了聋生对知识的学习和理解,影响了师生及聋生之间的信息交流,影响了特殊教育学校的教育教学质量;大多数特殊教育学校师生对制定"通用手语"表示赞同。

The study examined the sign language using status of deaf students （n=316） and teachers who used sign language in teaching （n= 160） in four special educational schools in Sinkiang by question- naire survey. The results show that the types of sign language using by the teachers and students from higher to lower proportion were ＂two types of sign language＂, ＂Chinese sign language＂ and ＂local sign lan- guage＂; the proportion and level of deaf students who mainly used the ＂local sign language＂ were higher than that of teachers; the proportion and the level of teachers who mainly used the ＂Chinese sign language ＂ were higher than that of students; pre-service learning and learning from colleagues were the main ways for teachers to learn sign language; the differences in using sign language between teachers, teachers and students, and students affected deaf students knowledge learning and understanding, the information communication between teachers and deaf students and that between deaf students, and the teaching quality of special educational schools; and most of the students and teachers in these schools showed agreement upon establishing a ＂universal sign language system＂.