供求不确定下零部件供应商横向协同研究

Horizontal Synchronization between Component Suppliers under Uncertainty of Supply and Demand

考虑了由2个供应商与1个制造商组成的按订单装配的供应链模型。在供应商的零部件供应不确定、制造商的客户需求不确定的环境下,从多供应商的视角来研究如何通过供应商之间形成零部件横向协同,向制造商齐套供应零部件,从而降低制造商的期望总库存成本。首先,建立了单周期和多周期的理论模型,并对形成协同前后的期望总库存成本进行了比较;然后,通过模拟仿真的方法,对模型进行验证和比较,并分析了不同的缺货成本对最优订单量、最优订至点和最小期望总库存成本的影响。结果表明,多供应商之间的零部件横向协同降低了制造商的期望总库存成本,提高了对客户需求的响应。

This paper considers a supply chain model comprised of two suppliers and one manufac turer in Assembly-To-Order environment. Under the uncertainty of component supply and customer demand, it investigates how to come into component horizontal synchronization between multi-suppli- ers from the perspectives of suppliers, and supply components in set to manufacturer, which could decrease the manufacturer＇s expected total inventory cost. Firstly, it presents the theory model in singleperiod and multi-period, and compares the expected total inventory cost before and after synchronization. Secondly, through the simulation method, it validates and compares the models, and analyzes the different shortage cost＇s impact on optimal order quantity, optimal order-up-to level and minimal expected total inventory cost. Finally, the result shows that component horizontal synchronization between multi-suppliers could decrease the manufacturer＇s expected total inventory cost and improve the response to customer＇s demand.