氯胺酮的非麻醉应用

The non-anesthetic use of ketamine

背景氯胺酮是一种临床常见的静脉麻醉药，尤其在小儿麻醉领域中占据着独特的地位。由于此药的一些副作用限制了它的运用，曾淡出临床医生的视野。近年来，氯胺酮又被陆续报道出有许多其他的药效，譬如：减少痛觉过敏、神经保护、抗抑郁、抗癌和抗炎等。目的综述近年来发现的氯胺酮的非麻醉应用。内容回顾氯胺酮的镇痛作用、神经保护作用、抗抑郁作用、抗肿瘤和抗炎作用及其机制。趋向为临床上氯胺酮的应用提供新的思路。

Background Ketamine is a common clinical intravenous anaesthetics, which occupies a unique niche in infantile anesthesiology. But the side effects restricted the use of ketamine. Katamine faded out clinician perspective at one time. While in the past few years, ketamine was reported to have several new clinically beneficial properties such as prevention of hyperalgesia, neuroproteetion, anti-depression, anti-tumour, anti-inflammatory and so on. Objective The non-anesthetic use of ketamine was reviewed. Content This article reviewed the analgesic effect of ketamine, neuroprotectiive effect, anti-depression, anti-turnout and anti-inflammatory effect and its mechanism. Trend To provide new ideas for the clinical use of ketamine.