《搜神记》的小说母题史意义

The Significance of the Novel Motif History of Biography of Searching Immortal

干宝《搜神记》在古代小说母题史上占有重要地位。今存该书不全,仍可看出文学与神秘崇拜交互影响的诸多母题,如树神、神物、火神、狐精崇拜等,还有宝失家败、冤死天怒、小人国和外星人等,有些来自民间传说,有些母题来自印度和西域故事,体现了整理民间故事和跨文化文学资源的中转之功。干宝将这些故事母题进行了文学化发挥,使其更加富有审美能量和文化蕴涵。由于《搜神记》名气太大,惯于以类化之,《搜神记》成为一个类化名词,造成一系列托名干宝的叙述。这些"追认"之作,更确认了《搜神记》母题史多重价值和启发开创意义。

In the history of ancient novel motif, Ganbao＇s Biography of Searching Immortal occupies an important position. Though this book stored nowadays is not complete, we still can see many motifs from the interaction between the literature and mysterious worship, such as the tree immortal, the magical stuff, the fire immortal, cult of the fox, etc., and some other motifs such as home declining from losing treasures, god＇s wrath from someone＇s being persecuted to death, the Lilliput ,the aliens and so on . Some of which are from folk tales , some from India and the westem regions stories, thus reflects the transit contribution of clearing up the folk tale and crossing cultural resources. Ganbao uses these motifs to carry on the literary expressing, and makes it full of aesthetic power and cultural connotation. Because Biography of Searching Immortal is so famous and get used to be classified that it tums to be a noun of apperception, and that it results in a series of narrative with the name of Ganbao. These kinds of works confirm the multiple values and inspiration significance of Biography of Searching Immortal.