2011年至2012年某地区儿童呼吸道感染流感嗜血杆菌的季节分布及耐药性分析

Analysis of the Distribution and Drug Resistance of Haemophilus Influenza Season in Children's Respiratory Tract Infection in A Area 2011-2012

目的了解东莞地区儿童呼吸道感染流感嗜血杆菌的季节分布及其耐药性情况。方法对东莞市妇幼保健院2011年1月至2012年12月5522例门诊和住院呼吸道感染患儿痰液标本,进行流感嗜血杆菌培养,分离、鉴定和药敏,利用WHONET5.5软件进行分析。结果流感嗜血杆菌的阳性标本数为532株(9.63%),β-内酰胺酶产酶率为37.22%;春季(37.2%)为儿童感染高峰期,夏季(29.9%)次之,秋(13.2%)冬(19.7%)最少;氧氟沙星、头孢噻肟、利福平的敏感率达到98.1%、98.7%、98.9%,而复方新诺明的耐药率为75.2%,氨苄西林的耐药率为45.1%。结论东莞地区儿童呼吸道感染流感嗜血杆菌较为多见,与季节有关,其β-内酰胺酶产酶率较高,多数抗生素对流感嗜血杆菌的敏感性高,而氨苄西林、复方新诺明的耐药率高,不适于流感嗜血杆菌的治疗。

Objective To investigate the dislribution and drug resistance situation of season of Haemophilus influenzae in children with respiratory tract infectious in Dongguan area. Methods The maternal and child health hospital in Dongguan city in 2011 January to 2012 December 5522 cases of outpatients and inpatients sputum specimens of respiratory tract infection, Haemophilus influenzae culture, isolation, identification and drug sensitivity, were analyzed using WHONET5.5 soft-ware. Results The number of positive specimeus of Hemophilus influenza for 532 strains （9.63%）, 13-1actamase enzyme production rate was 37.22%; the spring （37.2%） at the peak of infection for children, summer （29.9%） times, autumn and winter （13.2%）, （19.7%） at least; the sensitive rate of cefotaxime, ofloxacin, Rifuku Hira reached 98.1%, 98.7%, 98.9%, and compound sulfamethoxazole resistance rates were 75.2%, ampicillin resistant rate was 45.1%. Conclusion More common Haemophilus influenzae in children with respiratory tract infection in Dongguan area, with the seasons, the beta-lactamase enzyme production rate is high, the majority of antibiotic susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae, and ampicillin, cotrimoxazole rate high, the Ireatment is not suitable for Haemophilus influenzae.