油气化探异常的形成机制及识别方法

FOPMING MECHANISMS AND DISTINGUISHING METHODS OF GEOCHEMICAL ANOMALIES OF PETROLEUM AND GAS

作者评介了油气地表化探异常形成的四种机制:即扩散作用、渗逸作用、压实水流垂向运移作用和垂直徽渗逸作用,目前多数学者倾向于垂直徽渗逸作用为主.异常的两种主要干扰因素为细菌作用和生物甲烷气影响.作者认为油气地表化探,必须根据工区具体情况选择合适的指标和工作方法,并从样品采集、包装储运、测试分析、数据整理、成果解释的全过程都加强研究,严格质量管理.防止污染,才能获得高质量的成果.

Four mechanisms are described for the formation of surface geochemical anomalies found in petroleum and gas prospecting, namely, diffusion, penetration, compact fluid vertical migration, and vertical micro-penetration. At present,the vertical micro-penetration is considered to be dominant. Two major interfering factors, bacterization and the influence of bio-methane, are discussed in the paper. The authors suggest that surface geochemical prospecting for petroleum and gas should be conducted with suitable indexes and methods based on individual surroundings in the target areas. More studies should be made on the whole process including sampling, wrappping and transportation,testing and analyzing, data processing,and result interpretation in order to impose strict quality control and prevent contamination so that results of high quality may be achieved.