无人机气动力地面车载测试系统

A ground test vehicle(GTV)system to measure the aerodynamic characteristics of unmanned air vehicles

介绍了中国航天空气动力技术研究院开发的一种用于测量全尺寸无人机气动力的地面车载测试系统(GTV)。车载测试系统采用一辆中型卡车进行相关改造,将试验无人机机身安装在其顶部,通过汽车牵引能够达到40km/h的速度。一套专用的测试天平系统和数据采集系统用于记录试验中无人机产生的升力、阻力以及俯仰力矩等数据。主要介绍测试天平系统的设计,数据采集测试系统,测试方法和试验结果。多元静态原位校准加载结果表明天平测试系统输出信号线性度以及重复性较好。动态校准试验采用一副定常展弦比6的机翼进行,试验结果与已知的风洞试验数据进行了比对。车载测试系统试验结果的升力和俯仰力矩数据不同车次之间重复性较好,并且与风洞试验数据基本一致。但阻力数据的离散度要比风洞试验时大得多,并且试验结果比风洞试验时偏小一些,试验证明地面车载测试系统的阻力测量难度较大。

A Ground Test Vehicle （GTV） system has been developed by China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics （CAAA） to provide a safe method for determining an experimental Unmanned Air Vehicle＇s （UAV） aerodynamic characteristics before flight. The GTV is a medium truck which has been modified to allow an UAV airframe to be mounted on top while propelling it up to 40km/h. A force balance and data acquisition system are used to measure and record the lift, drag and pitching moment of the test airframe. This paper describes the balance design, the data acquisition system, and the results of calibrations made to check the GTV data. A series of combined static loadings showed the force balance output to be linear and repeatable. A wing of constant chord aspect ratio 6 was tested, and the results were compared with available wind tunnel data. The lift and pitching moment data measured by the GTV for the test wing was repeatable for every run, and compared well with the wind tunnel data. GTV drag data was much more scattered, and was generally lower than the wind tunnel data. Measurement of drag using a ground test vehicle has been proved to be a difficult task.